やられたら、仕返(しかえ)す。: 당하면, 갚아준다.

仕返(しかえ)さず、許(ゆる)してあげましょう。: 복수하지 말고, 용서해줍시다.

仕返(しかえ)されたら、どうするのよ。: 보복당하면, 어쩌려고 그래.

The United Nations, an intergovernmental organization that promotes international cooperation, has six major organs. One of them is the United Nations Secretariat which is the organization’s executive arm headed by the secretary-general. The outgoing secretary-general of the U.N. is South Korea’s Ban Ki-moon whose term started in 2007 and will end in December 2016. 

Contrary to the traditional selection process which is often criticized, the selection of the new secretary-general was publicized for the first time to make it more transparent. Debates between candidates were televised globally. The secretary-general is appointed by the General Assembly upon the endorsement of the Security Council, also known as the P5, Big Five, or Permanent Five, comprised by China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Since there has never been a female secretary general, many people think that it is high time for the next officeholder to be a woman. Several worthy female contenders have been considered for the job. In fact, 50 percent of the candidates were women. However, the appointed successor is another man—the former Portugal Prime Minister, António Guterres. His term will start on January 1, 2017. As the secretary-general, António Guterres will be the de facto spokesperson and leader of the United Nations.

António Guterres served the United Nations High Commissioner (UNHCR) for Refugees for 10 years. His experiences in this branch of the U.N. will come in handy because his term will be facing global issues such as numerous wars, refugee crises, and terrorism. In addition, he will take over the U.N. which is currently facing financial scandals and reports of sexual abuses by some U.N. peacekeeping troops overseas. 

Many experts believe that António Guterres is the best man for the job considering his broad political knowledge and experience. He is known for pushing superpowers to do more for the world’s refugees and for being forthright about human rights. He is expected to be able to give the U.N. the push that it needs.

According to António Guterres, in order for the U.N. to be a more effective organization, its priority should be peace where crisis prevention rather than management is crucial. He recognizes that the root causes of conflicts are complex, multiple, and interconnected. According to him, to address the interlinked roots of conflicts, an approach that embraces the three pillars of the U.N.,namely peace and security, sustainable development, and human rights, is needed.

親友(しんゆう)に裏切(うらぎ)られた。: 친한 친구에게 배신당했다.

当時(とうじ)は、彼(かれ)を裏切(うらぎ)るしかなかった。: 당시는, 그를 배신할 수밖에 없었다.

裏切(うらぎ)りじゃないと思(おも)う。何(なに)か、事情(じじょう)があったでしょう。: 배신이 아니라고 생각해. 뭔가, 사정이 있겠지.

The Doosan Bears held onto the title at this year’s Korea Baseball Organization (KBO), edging out the NC Dinos 4-0 in the best-of-seven Korean Series. On a chilly day at Masan Baseball Stadium in Changwon, the Bears took down the Dinos on Wednesday to claim the fourth game of the series and defend their 2015 title. 

The pennant winners claimed their first run at the bottom of second inning. With one out on the scoreboard, the Bears catcher, Yang Eui-ji, came to the plate. Yang, the MVP of the second game of the series, belted the Dinos starting pitcher Zach Stuart’s slider over the left fence for a solo homer. The second run also came off the tip of Yang’s bat. Nursing the 1-0 lead up to the sixth, Yang went up against Won Jong-hyun, who had just relieved Stuart, with runners on first and third bases, to crank an RBI double into right field. The Bears then quickly widened the gap to four runs, with third baseman Hur Kyoung-min jacking a double worth two runs batted in (RBI). Hur’s hit brought home Yang and designated hitter Nick Evans. The Bears’ run reached its pinnacle at the top of the ninth when second baseman Oh Jae-won towered a homer worth three RBIs. 

Extending the lead to 8-0 by the end of the inning, the Bears essentially secured their trophy by the time they were retired from the plate. For the Dinos, who’ve been stuck in a rut, things did not improve. The team’s batting quartet of Na Sung-bum, Eric Thames, Lee Ho-joon and Park Sok-min were originally thought to be the needed weapon in the head-to-head against the Bears. The four, who together combined 115 home runs and 425 RBIs during the regular season, had gone 4-for-41 before the fourth game on Wednesday. But they remained ice cold on the plate, with Lee not even making an appearance in the game until the final inning, and his brief stint as a pinch hitter came to a quick end and eventually concluded the Series while managing to score only two runs, a rather unenviable distinction as it’s the lowest any team has scored in the history of Korean Series. Park, the third baseman and highest paid free agent in the KBO, who batted .307 during the regular season while sending 32 balls over the fence and tallying 104 RBIs, went completely hitless during the Korean Series. Thames was the only one of the four to tally any hits on Wednesday, sending out a solo dinger that gave the Dinos their only run of the day. 

With this victory, not only did the Bears clinch their second straight title, they also become the first team in 21 years to sweep both the pennant and the KBO trophy.

テストのため、一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい)勉強(べんきょう)している。: 시험을 위해, 열심히 공부하고 있다.

彼(かれ)の心(こころ)を奪(うば)うため、一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい)アピールしたのに…: 그의 마음을 빼앗기 위해 열심히 어필했건만…

いつも一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい)に働(はたら)いてるから、頼(たの)もしい。: 항상 열심히 일하니까, 믿음직스러워.

The entertainment industry is highly dependent on the support of the viewing public for it to continue thriving. Movie producers and other members of the movie industry always try their best to come up with film ideas, aspire to give life to their concepts, and transform them into a big hit.

Success is every filmmaker’s and film producer’s goal. However, movie producers as well as people working inside and outside the entertainment industry have different bases as to what truly defines a film’s success. Some say that a film should be critically acclaimedfor it to be considered successful. Others say the income of a movie is the best indicator of its success.

Those who judge a film’s success based on the approval and support of critics say that movie critics are reputable film buffs who hold degrees or higher levels of education in cinematography and film studies. Their thoughts about a film are based on theories and years of experiences that are the most credible bases to evaluate a film’s worth. 

These people add that movies with huge earnings do not necessarily mean they are of high-caliber. Many people watch a film because of the actors and actresses it features or because the film is a movie adaptation of a famous novel. 

Additionally, many high-quality, critically acclaimed, and award-winning independent films are successful. Despite what may be considered poor performances in the box office, many independent films are celebrated as achievements in filmmaking.

On the other hand, those who believe that high earnings define a film’s success say that the profit of the film reflects the support and appreciation it got from the audiences. A film is considered successful once it is called a blockbuster hit. Its gross income declaration and viewer count are more tangible indicators of success as compared to the opinions or reviews of critics.

For these people, films are made primarily for the viewing public. They are made to entertain people and are not intended to please critics. Moreover, film production is not only an art but also a numbers game. The more viewers a film manages to engage, the more successful it is.

Also, these people say that the reviews of movie critics are often subjective claims that may not necessarily agree with other people’s opinions. Purely basing a film’s success on the reviews of a few movie critics is irrational because critics do not always agree on what they find recommendable or not.

急(きゅう)に涼(すず)しくなった。: 갑자기 시원해졌다.

涼(すず)しい秋風(あきかぜ)が好(す)きです。: 시원한 가을 바람이 좋아요.

涼(すず)しい天気(てんき)でいいね。: 시원한 날씨라 좋네요.

The South Korean and U.S. Air Forces carried out a joint exercise simulating precision strikes on North Korea’s key nuclear and missile facilities, the military revealed Thursday. The joint infiltration drill took place between Oct. 12 and 26 at the air base in Gunsan, North Jeolla, and involved the South Korean Air Force’s Combat Control Team and the U.S. 353rd Special Operations Group (SOG). “We conducted the annual ‘Teak Knife’ drill, infiltrating airborne troops behind enemy lines,” a Korean Air Force official said, “We were simulating a situation where we would infiltrate North Korea.” 

The 353rd SOG, based at Kadena Airbase in Okinawa, Japan, is 800 strong and specializes in wartime and contingency plans. In the event of an emergency situation on the Korean Peninsula, this group will deploy U.S. troops for the infiltration of the North. The South Korean Special Forces’ Combat Control Team would land behind enemy lines and deploy an antiaircraft gun to remove any obstacles and obtain information about the weather and conditions. This drill, focusing on the aerial infiltration of special forces into North Korea and simulating the destruction of the regime’s key facilities, comes as Pyongyang conducted two nuclear tests and launched over 20 ballistic missiles this year alone. 

While the Teak Knife exercise, designed to enhance the combat readiness of the U.S. and Korean special operations, has taken place since the 1990s, it is rare for the two countries’ militaries to make the drill and its purpose public. The official said, “The Teak Knife exercise likewise put focus on airlifting our two countries’ special forces into inland North Korea.” The two allies, following North Korea’s fifth nuclear test on Sept. 9, have been bolstering the interoperability, or fluid cooperation, of special forces with the objective of surgically striking North Korea’s key facilities. 

The South Korean Air Force also took part in the Red Flag joint exercise held in Alaska from Oct. 12 to 21, during which it sent six F-15K fighter jets, a C-130 Hercules transport aircraft and 147 personnel to the Eielson Air Force Base in Alaska for a three-week drill that was presided over by U.S. Pacific Air Forces, the military here revealed Wednesday. The Red Flag advanced aerial combat training exercise dates back to 1975, and this year, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and New Zealand also took part in the drill. This exercise likewise simulated striking targets in enemy territory, namely North Korean nuclear and missile facilities and other key military and government buildings. South Korea has taken part in Red Flag since 2001 but for this year marked the first time its transport plane also carried U.S. troops for an infiltration operation.

ここ触(さわ)ってみて~　めっちゃ冷(つめ)たい!: 여기 만져 봐, 완전 차가워!

そんな冷(つめ)たい目(め)で見(み)ないで。: 그런 차가운 눈으로 보지마.

冷(つめ)たいビール、どうですか。: 차가운 맥주, 어때요?

Hit hard by the Galaxy Note7 debacle, Samsung Electronics Thursday reported the worst quarterly operating profit at the division responsible for smartphones ever since it started making smartphones. Operating profit for the July-September period for Samsung’s IT and Mobile Communications (IM) division was 100 billion won ($87.6 million), a 95.6 percent decrease from 2.4 trillion won in the same period a year earlier. That division’s operating profit in the previous quarter was 4.32 trillion won. The beleaguered tech giant posted revenue of 48.82 trillion won for the quarter ending Sept. 30, down 7.6 percent from a year ago, and total operating profit of 5.2 trillion won, falling 29.7 percent on year, according to the earnings report. The results correspond to a revised earnings outlook Samsung issued on Oct. 15 in a regulatory filing - four days after deciding to discontinue the troubled Galaxy Note7 phablet. A quarterly earnings guidance issued on Oct. 7 - four weeks prior to the announcement of official results, as is customary - Samsung estimated third-quarter operating profit to have grown 5.55 percent year on year to 7.8 trillion won. 

“It is highly likely that operating profit will recover to the mid 7 trillion won level in the last quarter,” said Song Myung-sup, an analyst at HI Investment and Securities. Samsung was forced to recall and destroy all the estimated 4.3 million units of the Note7 produced or distributed from Aug. 19, the date of initial delivery, through Oct. 11, the day the model was discontinued. But the scrapping of the Note7 has been followed by increased sales of Galaxy S7 and S7 Edge, the preceding flagship models that were released in March, as well as mid- and low-priced models such as Galaxy A and J, said Lee Kyeong-tae, vice president of the IM division, during a conference call with investors and analysts Thursday morning. “We expect alternative models to make up for [the losses and damages from] Note7,” he said. 

Semiconductors, led by high-density, high-performance mobile and server products, including the V-NAND based solid-state drive, served as a meaningful buffer for the worst-performing IM division, which includes smartphones. The semiconductor sector’s 3.37 trillion won operating profit, up 2.6 percent year-on-year, accounted for 64.8 percent of the entire operating profit of the world’s No. 1 memory-chip producer in the third quarter. During the April-June period, the IM division contributed 53 percent of the quarterly operating profit, trailed by semiconductors at 32.4 percent. “Improved demand for server and mobile memory chips has propelled prices of DRAMs and NAND profitability has been enhanced on the back of rising demand for 3-D NAND flash memory,” said Lee Se-chul, an analyst with NH Investment and Securities. He noted that the only remaining industrial sectors in Korea that China has failed to catch up with are semiconductors and organic light-emitting diodes, adding that a global undersupply of NAND flash memory chips is expected to continue for over the next three years. Lee of Samsung said the company expects difficulty until the first quarter of next year but “will achieve a business turnaround with a new flagship smartphone model,” adding the company would launch it “after thorough inspection and once its safety is guaranteed.” 

The Galaxy S8, which will be shown in February at the annual Mobile World Congress in Barcelona and go on sale in March at the latest, will offer hardware focused on design and the camera, Lee said. In software, Samsung will introduce artificial intelligence for the first time in any Galaxy phone, he said. The company plans to connect not only smartphones and tablets but all services and products under the Samsung umbrella, including TVs, through an AI-backed, conversation-based interface. Samsung’s AI is likely be supported by Viv Labs, an American start-up that Samsung acquired earlier this month. Lee said the company is still figuring out how to make bendable or foldable smartphone displays.